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Generalized fractional kinetic equations involving generalized Struve function of the first kind

Department of Mathematics, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 54 Wadi Aldawaser, Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia
Department of HEAS (Mathematics), Rajasthan Technical University, Kota 324010, Rajasthan, India
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

⁎Corresponding author. sunil_a_purohit@yahoo.com (S.D. Purohit),

Disclaimer:
This article was originally published by Elsevier and was migrated to Scientific Scholar after the change of Publisher.

Peer review under responsibility of King Saud University.

Abstract

In recent paper Dinesh Kumar et al. developed a generalized fractional kinetic equation involving generalized Bessel function of first kind. The object of this paper is to derive the solution of the fractional kinetic equation involving generalized Struve function of the first kind. The results obtained in terms of generalized Struve function of first kind are rather general in nature and can easily construct various known and new fractional kinetic equations.

Keywords

Fractional kinetic equations
Fractional calculus
Special functions
Laplace transforms
Generalized Struve function of the first kind
1

1 Introduction

The Struve function Hvz and Lvz are defined as the sum of the following infinite series

(1)
Hυz=z2υ+1k=0-1kΓk+32Γk+υ+12z22k and
(2)
Lυz=z2υ+1k=01Γk+32Γk+υ+12z22k.

The purpose of this work is to investigate the generalized form of the fractional kinetic equation involving generalized Struve function of the first kind Hp,b,c(z) defined for complex zC and b,c,pC ( R(p)>-1 ) by

(3)
Hp,b,c(z)k=0(-1)kckΓ(p+1+b2+k)Γ(k+3/2)z22k+p+1.

Details related to the function Hp,b,c(z) and its particular cases can be seen in Baricz (2010, 2008), Mondal and Nisar (2014), Mondal and Swaminathan (2012) and the references therein. In this paper we consider the following transformation

(4)
ϕb,cz=2p+1Γp+b2+1Γ32z12-p2Hp,b,cz=z+k=1-ckzk+1υk32k, where υ=p+b2+1Z0-0,-1,-2, and
(5)
ak=1(k=0)a(a+1)(a+k-1)(kN{1,2,3,})=Γa+kΓ(a)aCZ0-.

The importance of fractional differential equations in the field of applied science has gained more attention not only in mathematics but also in physics, dynamical systems, control systems and engineering, to create the mathematical model of many physical phenomena. Especially, the kinetic equations describe the continuity of motion of substance and are the basic equations of mathematical physics and natural science. The extension and generalization of fractional kinetic equations involving many fractional operators were found (Zaslavsky, 1994; Saichev and Zaslavsky, 1997; Haubold and Mathai, 2000; Saxena et al., 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008; Chaurasia and Pandey, 2008; Gupta and Sharma, 2011; Chouhan and Sarswat, 2012; Chouhan et al., 2013; Gupta and Parihar, 2014; Kumar et al., 2015; Choi and Kumar, 2015). In view of the effectiveness and a great importance of the kinetic equation in certain astrophysical problems the authors develop a further generalized form of the fractional kinetic equation involving generalized Struve function of the first kind.

The fractional differential equation between rate of change of reaction was established by Haubold and Mathai (2000), the destruction rate and the production rate are calculated as follows:

(6)
dNdt=-dNt+pNt, where N=Nt the rate of reaction, d=dN the rate of destruction, p=pN the rate of production and Nt denotes the function defined by Ntt=Nt-t , t>0 .

The special case of (6), for spatial fluctuations or inhomogeneities in Nt the quantity are neglected, that is the equation

(7)
dNdt=-ciNit with the initial condition that Nit=0=N0 is the number of density of species i at time t=0 and ci>0 . If we remove the index i and integrate the standard kinetic Eq. (7), we have
(8)
Nt-N0=-c0Dt-1Nt,
where 0Dt-1 is the special case of the Riemann–Liouville integral operator 0Dt-υ defined as 0Dt-υft=1Γυ0tt-sυ-1fsds,(t>0,Rυ>0).

The fractional generalization of the standard kinetic Eq. (8) is given by Haubold and Mathai (2000) as follows:

(9)
Nt-N0=-c0υDt-1Nt and obtained the solution of (9) as follows:
(10)
Nt=N0k=0-1kΓυk+1ctυk.

Further, Saxena and Kalla (2008) considered the following fractional kinetic equation:

(11)
Nt-N0ft=-c0υDt-υN(t)Rυ>0, where N(t) denotes the number density of a given species at time t, N0=N(0) is the number density of that species at time t=0 , c is a constant and fL(0, ).

By applying the Laplace transform to (11) (see Kumar et al., 2015),

(12)
LNt;p=N0Fp1+cυp-υ=N0n=0-cυnp-nυFp nN0,cp<1, where the Laplace transform (Spiegel, 1965) is defined by
(13)
Fp=Lf(t);p=0e-ptftdt(Rp>0).

The object of this paper is to derive the solution of the fractional kinetic equation involving generalized Struve function of the first kind. The results obtained in terms of generalized Struve function of the first kind are rather general in nature and can easily construct various known and new fractional kinetic equations.

2

2 Solution of generalized fractional kinetic equations

In this section, we will investigate the solution of the generalized fractional kinetic equations by considering the generalized Struve function of first kind. The results are as follows.

Theorem 1

If d>0,υ>0,c,b,l,tC and Rl>-1 , then the solution of the equation

(14)
Nt-N0Hl,b,ct=-dυ0Dt-υNt is given by the following formula
(15)
Nt=N0k=0-ckΓ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32t22k+l+1Ev,2k+l+2-dυtυ
where the generalized Mittag-Leffler function Eα,βx is given by Mittag-Leffler (1905) Eα,βx=n=0xnΓ(αn+β).

Proof

The Laplace transform of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operator is given by Erdélyi et al. (1954), Srivastava and Saxena (2001)

(16)
L0Dt-υft;p=p-υFp where Fp is defined in (13). Now, applying the Laplace transform to the both sides of (14), gives LNt;p=N0LHl,b,ct;p-dυL0Dt-υNt;p Np=N00e-ptk=0-ckΓl+1+b2+kΓk+32t22k+l+1dt-dυp-υNp Np+dυp-υNp=N0k=0-ck2-2k+l+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+320e-ptt2k+l+1dt=N0k=0-ck2-2k+l+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32Γ2k+l+2p2k+l+2
(17)
Np=N0k=0-ck2-2k+l+1Γ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32p-2k+l+2r=0-pd-υr.

Taking Laplace inverse of (17), and by using L-1p-υ;t=tυ-1Γυ,Rυ>0 we have L-1Np=N0k=0-ck2-2k+l+1Γ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32L-1r=0-1rdυrp-2k+l+2+υr Nt=N0k=0-ck2-2k+l+1Γ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32×r=0-1rdυrt2k+l+1+υrΓυr+2k+l+2=N0k=0-ck2-2k+l+1Γ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32t2k+l+1×r=0-1rdυrtυrΓυr+2k+l+2=N0k=0-ckΓ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32t22k+l+1×r=0-1rdυrtυrΓυr+2k+l+2 Nt=N0k=0-ckΓ2k+l+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32t22k+l+1Eυ,2k+l+2-dυtυ.  □

Theorem 2

If d>0,υ>0,c,b,l,tC and Rl>-1 , then the solution of the equation

(18)
Nt-N0Hl,b,cdυtυ=-d0υDt-υNt is given by the following formula
(19)
Nt=N0k=0-ckΓ2k+υl+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32dυtυ22k+l+1Ev,2kυ+υl+2-dυtυ,
where Ev,2kυ+l+2. is the generalized Mittag-Leffler function (Mittag-Leffler, 1905).

Proof

The Laplace transform of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operator is given by Erdélyi et al. (1954)

(20)
L0Dt-υft;p=p-υFp where Fp is defined in (13). Now, applying the Laplace transform to the both sides of (18), gives
(21)
LNt;p=N0LHl,b,cdυtυ;p-dυL0Dt-υNt;p
Np=N00e-ptk=0-ckΓl+1+b2+kΓk+32dυtυ22k+l+1dt-dυp-υNp Np+dυp-υNp=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+320e-ptt2kυ+υl+υdt=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1p2kυ+υl+υ+1
(22)
Np=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32p-2kυ+υl+υ+1r=0-pd-υr.

Taking Laplace inverse of (22), and by using L-1p-υ;t=tυ-1Γυ,Rυ>0 we have L-1Np=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32L-1r=0-1rdυrp-2kυ+υl+υ+υr+1 Nt=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32×r=0-1rdυrtυ2k+l+r+1Γ2kυ+υl+υr+υ+1=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32tυ2k+l+1×r=0-1rdυrtυrΓ2kυ+υl+υr+υ+1=N0k=0-ckΓ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32dυ22k+l+1tυ2k+l+1×r=0-1rdυrtυrΓ2kυ+υl+υr+υ+1 Nt=N0k=0-ckΓ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32dυ22k+l+1tυ2k+l+1Ev,2k+l+1υ+1-dυtυ

This completes the proof of Theorem 2. □

Theorem 3

If d>0,υ>0,c,b,l,tC,ad and Rl>-1 , then the solution of the equation

(23)
Nt-N0Hl,b,cdυtυ=-aυ0Dt-υNt is given by the following formula:
(24)
Nt=N0k=0-ckΓ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32dυ22k+l+1tυ2k+l+1Ev,2k+l+1υ+1-aυtυ.

Proof

Applying Laplace transform to the both side of (23) we get L0Nt;p=N0LHl,b,cdυtυ;p-aυL0Dt-υNt;p Np=N00e-ptk=0-ckΓl+1+b2+kΓk+32dυtυ22k+l+1dt-dυp-υNp Np+aυp-υNp=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+320e-ptt2kυ+υl+υdt=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1p2kυ+υl+υ+1

(25)
Np=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32p-2kυ+υl+υ+1r=0-pa-υr.

Taking Laplace inverse of (25), and by using L-1p-υ;t=tυ-1Γυ,Rυ>0 we have L-1Np=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32L-1r=0-1raυrp-2kυ+υl+υ+υr+1 N(t)=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32×r=0-1raυrtυ2k+l+r+1Γ2kυ+υl+υr+1=N0k=0-ckdυ22k+l+1Γ2kυ+υl+2Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32tυ2k+l+1×r=0-1raυrtυrΓ2kυ+υl+υr+υ+1=N0k=0-ckΓ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32dυ22k+l+1tυ2k+l+1×r=0-1raυrtυrΓ2kυ+υl+υr+υ+1 Nt=N0k=0-ckΓ2kυ+υl+υ+1Γl+k+b2+1Γk+32dυ22k+l+1tυ2k+l+1Ev,2k+l+1υ+1-aυtυ.

3

3 Conclusion

In this work we give a new fractional generalization of the standard kinetic equation and derived solutions for the same. From the close relationship of the generalized Struve function of the first kind Hp(z) with many special functions, we can easily construct various known and new fractional kinetic equations.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their appreciation to the referees for their valuable suggestions which helped to better presentation of this paper. The author K.S. Nisar would like to thank Deanship of Scientific research, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia for financial support under the project 2014/01/2152.

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